36. A to review the factors that affect economic operation
37. B the economy of a nation
38. C regulation may affect business operation by increasing the cost
39. C Because there are too many reasons behind it.
40. D cooperate with businessmen and politicians
點評：這是一篇講述經(jīng)濟運行與經(jīng)濟危機的論述文。總分結(jié)構(gòu)。首段用機器形容經(jīng)濟體，指出很多因素會影響經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，如政府制定的政策法規(guī)，國際形勢，人們的態(tài)度等。因為造成經(jīng)濟衰退的原因是不確定的，所以解決方案同樣具有不確定性。而經(jīng)濟學家需要和商人、政客一起合作解決經(jīng)濟問題。本篇文章考查細節(jié)題為主，盡管文章開頭有些抽象，但通篇讀完還是不難理解的。
Dear John,
I will study in your university and share an apartment with you. So I am writing to tell you my living habits and consult your suggestions of living there.
Generally speaking, I am an early bird, never burning the midnight oil. Besides, I enjoy a quiet environment, and I’m afraid you may have to use an earphone when listening to the music. What’s more, I frankly hope that you could tell me the campus life there and then we may make agreements on our living habits later, which I’m sure will benefit our following days.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Xxx
點評：本篇考研英語二小作文是寫郵件，郵件是當今最常用的交流方式之一，考生也最為熟悉。但郵件需特別注意格式以及落款，這在評分中也是一大考量因素。第一段簡要說明寫郵件的緣由，第二段重點闡明具體事項，第三段表示希望收件人回函，結(jié)尾注意落款的正確表達。
Growing urban population and declining rural population
From the graph, we can see that the urban population was growing and the rural population was declining from 1990 to 2010. The number of the urban population rose from 300 million in 1990 to about 460 million in 2000, and to about 685 million in 2010, while the rural population decreased from about 820 million in 1990 to 800 million in 2000 and to about 690 million in 2010. It's obvious that in the past two decades, the urban area witnessed a steady growth, but in the latter decade, the rural population had a remarkable decline.
There are two reasons for this phenomenon. On one hand, the economic boom led to the regular improvement of people’s living standard, and further resulted in a steady growing urban population. On the other hand, from 2000, the countryside urbanization oriented by the government gave rise to a conspicuously declining rural population.
In conclusion, based on the above analysis, the urban population will be growing, while the rural population will continue to drop in the future.
點評：本次考研英語二大作文是圖表作文醫(yī),學,全,在,線,提,供m.zxtf.net.cn，這也是歷年大作文的典型題目之一。針對圖表作文，我們一般采用三段式來謀篇布局， 第一段概述圖表的信息，指出變化的趨勢和不同，第二段分析造成這一趨勢以及變化不同的原因，第三段則根據(jù)以上分析展望未來的變化。在寫作過程中注意銜接詞的使用以及同義詞的搭配使用，使文章更加出彩。
Section III Translation
Most people would define optimism as being eternally hopeful, endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full. But that’s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,” says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.
Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down — say, after giving a bad lecture — he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there’s perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.
在大部分人眼中，樂觀主義就意味著永遠滿懷希望、無憂無慮，遇事只往好的方面想。然而積極心理學專家認為這種樂觀只是假象，不建議人們這么做。哈佛大學教授塔爾·本沙哈爾指出：“健康的樂觀主義應(yīng)該是切合實際的。”他認為，現(xiàn)實的樂觀主義者會盡力讓事事順利，而不是迷信萬事大吉。
本沙哈爾提出了“三步樂觀法”。第一步：在碰到例如演講表現(xiàn)糟糕這種讓人沮喪的情況時，他首先會安慰自己人非圣賢，不是所有的演講都能拿到諾貝爾獎，總會有些演講的效果不如他人。第二步：重現(xiàn)場景。他會對這次失敗的演講進行分析，總結(jié)優(yōu)缺點，為以后的演講吸取經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)。第三步：形成這樣一個觀念，要明白在生命的宏大藍圖中，一次演講著實微不足道。
