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 十二經(jīng)脈即手三陰經(jīng)(肺、心包、心)、手三陽經(jīng)(大腸、三焦、小腸)、足三陽經(jīng)(胃、膽、膀骯)、足三陰經(jīng)(脾、肝、腎)的總稱。它們是經(jīng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的主體，故又稱為“正經(jīng)”。
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The Twelve Regular Meridians include Three Yin Meridians of Hand(Lung，Pericardium and Heart)，Three Yang Meridians of Hand(Large Intestine，Triple Energizer and Small Intestine)，Three Yang Meridians of Foot(Stomach,Gall-bladder and Bladder)，Three Yin Meridians of Foot(Spleen，Liver and Kidney)． They are the major trunks of the system of the meridians，so they are called the Twelve Regular Meridians.
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十二經(jīng)脈的名稱是根據(jù)臟腑、手足、陰陽而定的。它們分別隸屬于十二臟腑，各經(jīng)都用其所屬臟腑的名稱，結(jié)合循行于手、足、內(nèi)、外、前、中、后的不同部位，根據(jù)陰陽學(xué)說而給予不同名稱，如將其中隸屬于六腑，循行于四肢的外側(cè)的經(jīng)脈稱為陽經(jīng)。將其中隸屬于五臟，循行于四肢內(nèi)側(cè)的經(jīng)脈稱為陰經(jīng)，并根據(jù)陰陽衍化的道理分為三陰、三陽，這樣就出現(xiàn)了手太陰肺經(jīng)，手陽明大腸經(jīng)等十二經(jīng)脈名稱。
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The nomenclature of the Twelve Regular Meridians is based on the three factors:a) hand or foot, b) Yin or Yang,and c) Zang or Fu organ. The Twelve Regular Meridians pertain to the twelve Zang and Fu organs correspondingly, each regular meridian is named after the organ to which it pertains. In consideration of the factors, such as hand or foot, interior or exterior, anterior, middle or posterior aspect of the meridian travels through, and also in accordance with the theory of Yin and Yang, The meridians that pertain to the Fu-organs are Yang meridians which mainly travel along the lateral aspect of the limbs. The meridians that pertain to the Zang-organs are called Yin meridians which are mainly distributed on the medial aspect of the four limbs. Based on the development of Yin and Yang theory, the meridians are divided into three Yin meridians and three Yang meridians.醫(yī)學(xué)全在線www.med126.com
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十二經(jīng)脈在體表的分布規(guī)律：
它們左右對(duì)稱地分布于頭面、軀干和四肢，縱貫全身。六條陰經(jīng)分布于四肢的內(nèi)側(cè)和胸腹，其中上肢的內(nèi)側(cè)是手三陰經(jīng)，下肢的內(nèi)側(cè)是足三陰經(jīng)；六條陽經(jīng)分布于四肢外側(cè)和頭面，軀干，其中上肢的外側(cè)是手三陽經(jīng)，下肢的外側(cè)是足三陽經(jīng)。手足三陽經(jīng)在四肢的排列是陽明在前，少陽在中，太陽在后。手三陰經(jīng)在上肢的排列是太陰在前，厥陰在中、少陰在后。足三陰經(jīng)在小腿下部及足背，其排列是厥陰在前，太陰在中、少陰在后，至內(nèi)踝上八寸處足厥陰與足太陰交叉，而成為太陰在前、厥陰在中，少陰在后。
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Body-Surface Distribution of the Twelve Meridians:
The twelve regular meridians are distributed symmetrically at the left and right sides of the head, trunk and four limbs and go through the whole body. The six Yin meridians are distributed on the medial aspects of the four limbs, the thoracic and abdominal regions. The three Yin meridians of the hands are distributed on the medial aspects of the upper limbs, while the three Yin meridians of the foot on the medial aspects of the lower limbs. The six Yang meridians are mostly distributed on the lateral aspects of four limbs, head and trunk.The three Yang meridians of hand are distributed on the lateral aspects of the upper limbs, while the three Yang meridians of foot on the lateral aspects of the lower limbs. The three Yang meridians of hand and foot are arranged in an order,in which "Large Intestine and Stomach Meridians" are the anterior ones, "Triple Energizer and Gallbladder Meridians" the medium ones, and "Small Intestine and Bladder Meridians" the posterior ones. The three Yin meridians of hand are arranged as follows: "Lung Meridians" are the anterior ones, "Pericardium Meridians" the medium ones, and Heart Meridians" the posterior ones,The three Yin meridians of foot are to the aspects of the lower limbs and instep. They are arranged in an order in which Liver Meridians are the anterior ones, Spleen Meridians are the medium ones,Kidney Meridians are the posterior ones, under the lever 8 cun above the medial malleolus,Liver Meridians and Spleen Meridians are crossed,then,Spleen Meridian is in the anterior aspect,Liver meridian in the mediun aspect,Kidney Meridian in the posterior aspect.
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十二經(jīng)脈的表里絡(luò)屬關(guān)系：
十二經(jīng)脈，內(nèi)屬于臟腑，臟與腑有表里相合的關(guān)系，陰經(jīng)與陽經(jīng)有表里絡(luò)屬關(guān)系。即手太陰肺經(jīng)與手陽明大腸經(jīng)相表里；足陽明胃經(jīng)與足太陰脾經(jīng)相表里；手少陰心經(jīng)與手太陽小腸經(jīng)相表里；足太陽膀胱經(jīng)與足少陰腎經(jīng)相表里；手厥陰心包經(jīng)與手少陽三焦經(jīng)相表里；足少陽膽經(jīng)與足厥陰肝經(jīng)相表里�；楸砝锏年幗�(jīng)和陽經(jīng)在體內(nèi)有屬絡(luò)關(guān)系，即陰經(jīng)屬臟絡(luò)腑，陽經(jīng)屬腑絡(luò)臟，如手太陰肺經(jīng)屬肺絡(luò)大腸，手陽明大腸經(jīng)屬大腸絡(luò)肺等等；在四肢又通過絡(luò)脈的銜接加強(qiáng)了表里經(jīng)之間的聯(lián)系。這樣，在臟腑陰陽經(jīng)脈之間就形成了六組表里絡(luò)屬關(guān)系�；楸砝锏慕�(jīng)脈在生理上密切聯(lián)系，病變時(shí)相互影響，治療時(shí)相互為用。
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The Exterior-Interior and Pertaining Relation of the Twelve Regular Meridians:
The Twelve Regular Meridians pertain to Zang-Fu organs interiorly, there is an exterior-interior and corresponding relation between Zang and Fu organs, an exterior-interior and pertaining relation between Yin meridians and Yang meridians. That is, the Lung Meridian has an exterior and interior relations with the Large Intestine Meridian, the Stomach Meridian with the Spleen Meridian, the Heart Meridian with the Small Intestine Meridian, the Bladder Meridian with the Kidney Meridian, the Pericardium Meridian with the Triple Energizer Meridian, and the Gallbladder Meridian with the Liver Meridian. There is a pertaining and communicative relation between the Yin meridians and Yang meridians connected interiorly-exteriorly in the body. The Yin meridians pertain to the Zang-organs, and communicate with the Fu-organs, while the Yang meridians pertain to the Fu-organs, and communicate with the Zang-organs. For example, the Lung Meridian pertains to the lung and communicates with the large intestine, the Large Intestine Meridian pertains to the large intestine and communicates with the lung. The relation of interior and exterior meridians is reinforced by linking the collaterals in the four limbs. Thus six pairs of the interior-exterior, pertaining and communicative relations are formed among Zang and Fu, Yin and Yang and meridians. There is a close relation physiologically among the interior- exterior meridians. They are inter-affected during the pathological changes and inter-action during treatment.
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十二經(jīng)脈的循行走向與交接。
循行走向是：手三陰經(jīng)從胸走手，手三陽經(jīng)從手走頭，足三陽經(jīng)從頭走足，足三陰經(jīng)從足走腹(胸)。十二經(jīng)脈的交接：①陰經(jīng)與陽經(jīng)多在四肢部銜接。如手太陰肺經(jīng)在食指與手陽明大腸經(jīng)交接，足陽明胃經(jīng)在足大趾與足太陰脾經(jīng)交接，足太陽膀胱經(jīng)從足小趾斜趨足心與足少陰腎經(jīng)交接，足少陽膽經(jīng)從足跗上斜趨足大趾叢毛處與足厥陰肝經(jīng)交接。②陽經(jīng)與陽經(jīng)(指同名經(jīng))在頭面部相接。如手陽明大腸經(jīng)和足陽明胃經(jīng)都通過于鼻旁，手太陽小腸經(jīng)與足太陽膀胱經(jīng)均通于目內(nèi)眥，手少陽三焦經(jīng)和足少陽膽經(jīng)均通于目外眥。⑧陰經(jīng)與陰經(jīng)(即手足三陰經(jīng))在胸部交接。如足太陰脾經(jīng)與手少陰心經(jīng)交接于心中，足少陰腎經(jīng)與手厥陰心包經(jīng)交接于胸中，足厥陰肝經(jīng)與手太陰肺經(jīng)交接于肺中。
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Courses and Links of the Twelve Meridians:
The Courses of The Twelve Meridians:Three Yin meridians of hand start from the chest to the hands.
Three Yang meridians of hand run from hands to the head. Three Yang meridians of foot run from the head to the feet. Three Yin meridians of foot run from the feet to abdomen and chest.
Links of the Twelve Regular Meridians:
(1) The Yin Meridians link with the Yang meridians mainly in the limbs. For instance, the Lung Meridian links with the Large Intestine Meridian on the tip of the index finger. The Stomach Meridian connects with the Spleen Meridian on the tip of the great toe,the Bladder Meridian reaches the lateral side of the tip of the little toe where it links with the Kidney Meridian. The Gallbladder Meridian runs to the distal portion of the great toe and terminates at its hairy region where it links with the Liver Meridian.
(2)The Yang meridians and Yang meridians (with the same nomenclature) are met on the head. For instance, both the Large Intestine meridian and the Stomach Meridian go to both sides of the nose. Both the Small Intestine Meridian and the Bladder Meridian reach the inner canthus, and both the Triple Energizer Meridian and the Gallbladder Meridian reach the outer canthus.
(3)The Yin meridians and Yin meridians are met in the chest region. For instance, the Spleen Meridian links with the Heart Meridian in the heart, the Kidney Meridian links with the Pericardium Meridian in the chest, and the Liver Meridian links with the Lung Meridian in the lung.
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