毫針操作異常情況處理及預防:暈針

原因

由于患者精神緊張、體質(zhì)虛弱、疲勞、饑餓，或因體位不適，或醫(yī)者操作不當，手法過重等因素造成。

Cause

This is often due to nervousness delicate constitution, hunger, fatigue, improper position or manipulation, such as too forceful manipulation.

現(xiàn)象

患者在針刺過程，突然感覺心慌、頭暈目眩，或惡心欲吐，出冷汗，面色蒼白，脈象微弱；嚴重者出現(xiàn)肢體厥冷，血壓下降，二便失禁，不省人事等。

Manifestations

During Acupuncture treatment, there may appear palpitation, dizziness, vertigo, nausea, cold sweating, pallor and weak pulse. In severe cases, there may be cold extremities, drop of blood pressure, incontinence of urine and stool, and loss of consciousness. 醫(yī)學全.在線提供

處理

立即停止針刺，將已經(jīng)針刺的毫針取出，令患者平臥，頭部稍低，注意保暖。輕者靜臥片刻，喝點溫開水或熱水, 即可恢復。重者以指掐或針刺人中、合谷、內(nèi)關(guān)、足三里，或艾灸百會、氣海、關(guān)元、涌泉等穴，如仍不緩解時，可配合其他急救措施。

Management

Stop needling immediately and withdraw all the needle, then help the patient to lie down, and offer some warm or hot water to the patient. The symptoms will disappear after a shot rest. In severs cases, press hard with the finger-nail or needle Renzhong (GV.26), Hegu (LI4), Neiguan (PC.6) and Zusanli (ST.36), or apply moxibustion to Baihui(GV.20), Qihai (CV.6), Guanyuan (CV.4) and Yongquan (KI.1). Generally, the patient will recover, but if not, other emergency measures should be taken.

預防

對于初次接受針灸治療和精神緊張者，應先做好解釋工作，消除顧慮，手法不宜過重，盡量采取臥位，少留針或留針時間不宜過長；對于過度疲勞、饑餓者不宜針刺；醫(yī)者在針刺過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)患者面色蒼白，出汗或訴說頭暈等暈針先兆時，應及時采取處理措施。

Prevention

For patients being treated by acupuncture for the first time, or those of sensitive individuals, a brief account of needling should be given to them prior to the treatment to relieve their nervousness, and supine posture is adopted. The manipulation should not be too forceful. Needles are not retained for long time. During the treatment, if there appear some prodromal symptoms such as pallor, sweating or dizziness, management should be taken promptly.